The Cause and Trend of Contraceptive Discontinuation in India: A Comprehensive Analysis Employing a Multiple Decrement Model
Main Article Content
Abstract
The usage of contraceptives and family planning are hot issues of conversation due to the growing population. Here authors have done a comprehensive study on contraceptive discontinuation in India. This article describes the trend in contraceptive discontinuation in India and the multiple decrement concept is used to determine the probability of contraceptive discontinuation in India. Data used in this research were taken from the country’s National Family and Health Survey. The contraceptive discontinuation trend reveals that from NFHS 1 to NFHS 5 there is a decline of 15.25% in contraceptive discontinuation in India. It was realized that in NFHS 1, the highest discontinuation was due to fertility-related causes, and in NFHS 5, it was due to method-related causes. The age groups where the highest discontinuation occurred were 40-49 and 25-29 in NFHS 1 and NFHS 5, respectively.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
References
Agrahari, K., Mohanty, S. K., & Chauhan, R. K. Socio-economic differentials in contraceptive is continuation in India. SAGE Open, 6(2), 2158244016646612. 2016. DOI: 10.1177/2158244016646612
Ali, M., & Cleland, J. Determinants of contraceptive discontinuation in six developing countries. Journal of biosocial science, 31(3), 343-360. 1999. DOI: 10.1017/s0021932099003430
Arifin, E. N. Factors associated with contraceptive discontinuation in Bali, Indonesia: a multilevel discrete-time competing risks hazard model. Asian MetaCentre for Population and Sustainable Development Analysis. 2003.
Arthur, E. K., & Obayemi, J. D. Modification of a Multiple Decrement Model and Its Significance: A case study of Northern Ghana. 2013. DOI:10.5923/j.ijps.20130202.02
Bongaarts, J., & Bruce, J. The causes of unmet need for contraception and the social content of services. Studies in family planning, 57-75. PMID: 7618196. 1995.
Bower,N.L.,Gerber,H.U.,Hickman,J.C.,Jones,D.A.,Nesbitt,C.J.,ed.Actuarial Mathematics. The Society of Actuaries. 1997.
Bradley, S. E., Schwandt, H., & Khan, S. Levels, trends, and reasons for contraceptive discontinuation. DHS analytical studies, 20. 2009.
Carey, J. R. The multiple decrement life table: a unifying framework for cause-of-death analysis in ecology. Oecologia, 78(1), 131-137. 1989. DOI: 10.1007/BF00377208
Cleland, J., & Ali, M. M. Reproductive consequences of contraceptive failure in 19 developing countries. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 104(2), 314-320. 2004. DOI: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000134789.73663.fd
Cotten, N., Stanback, J., Maidouka, H., Taylor-Thomas, J. T., & Turk, T. Early discontinuation of contraceptive use in Niger and the Gambia. International family planning perspectives, 145-149. 1992.
Curtis, S. L., & Blanc, A. K. Determinants of contraceptive failure, switching, and discontinuation: an analysis of DHS contraceptive histories (Vol. 6). Calverton, MD: Macro International. 1997.
Fathonah, S. Contraceptive use dynamics in Indonesia (DHS). 1996.
Gipson, J. D., Koenig, M. A., & Hindin, M. J. The effects of unintended pregnancy on infant, child, and parental health: a review of the literature. Studies in family planning, 39(1), 18-38. 2008. DOI: 10.1111/j.1728-4465.2008.00148.x
Jain, A., Dwyer, S. C., Mozumdar, A., & Tobey, E. Not all women who experience side effects discontinue their contraceptive method: Insights from a longitudinal study in India. Studies in Family Planning, 52(2), 165-178. 2021.DOI: 10.1111/sifp.12150
Kavanaugh, M. L., & Anderson, R. M. Contraception and beyond: The health benefits of services provided at family planning centers. New York: Guttmacher Institute. 2013.
Mishra, V. K., Retherford, R. D., Nair, P. S., & Feeney, G. Reasons for discontinuing and not intending to use contraception in India. 1999.
Nayak, S. R., Mohanty, S. K., Mahapatra, B., & Sahoo, U. Spatial heterogeneity in discontinuation of modern spacing method in districts of India. Reproductive Health, 18(1), 1-12. 2021. DOI: 10.1186/s12978-021-01185-w
Sedgh, G., & Hussain, R. Reasons for contraceptive nonuse among women having unmet need for contraception in developing countries. Studies in family planning, 45(2), 151-169. 2014. DOI: 10.1111/j.1728-4465.2014.00382.x
Shete, M. R., Kumar, P., Anand, E., Singh, J., & Pradhan, M. R. Discontinuation of modern contraception methods due to side effects and method failure in India: an analysis using reproductive calendar data. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 10(9), 3463. 2021. DOI:10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20213469
Upadhyay, A. K., Kumar, K., James, K. S., Mcdougal, L., Raj, A., & Singh, A. Association between Intimate Partner Violence and Contraceptive Use Discontinuation in India. Studies in family planning, 53(1), 5-21. 2022. DOI: 10.1111/sifp.12184
Yusuf, F., Martins, J.M., Swanson, D.A.Methods of Demographic Analysis. Springer. Book Methods of Demographic Analysis. 2014. DOI:10.1007/978-94-007-6784-3
https://users.math.msu.edu/users/valdezea/stt456s15/STT456Weeks8to9-S2015-annot.pdf